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日语语法学习:代词的转用

来源:新东方日语网络课堂 时间:2015/11/12 16:56:11 作者:

<p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 为了方便同学们的学习,新东方在线日语网为大家准备了日语语法学习:代词的转用,正在学习日语的同学们一定不要错过以下内容哦!更多有关日语的内容,尽在新东方在线日语网!</span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"></span> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 代词</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 用来指代人、事物、场所或方位的词叫做代词。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 代词的转用</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 从词汇意义上来将,日于的各类代词都具有各自固定负责指代的对象或内容。但在实际语言生活中,代词所指代的对象或内容不能完全固定,会出现转用现象。主要有以下几种情形。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 1)指代事物的代词转用于指人。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 例:これが私の兄です。/这是我哥哥。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 2)指代事物的代词转用于指代时间。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 例:あれからもう三年経ったわね。/自那以后已有三年了。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 3)指代方位的代词转用于指人。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 例:こちらが私の恩師です。/这位是我的恩师。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 4)指代方位的代词转用于指代事物。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 例:コーヒーとお茶とどちらがお好きですか。/咖啡和茶喜欢哪个?</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 5)指代方位的代词转用于指代场所。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 例:お宅はどちらですか。/您家在哪里?</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 6)指代场所的代词转用于指代时间。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 例:ここ十日ほど雨が続いている。/这十天来一直在下雨。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 7)指代场所的代词转用于指代事物。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 例:そこがあいつのいいところだ。/那一点是那家伙的长处。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 8)指代场所代词转用于指代程度或状态。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 例:あそこまで事態が悪化すると思わなかった。/没想到事态竟恶化到那种程度。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 练习:</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 1、( )が肝心なところだ。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> ①ここ</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> ②この</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 2、每日谚语:「壁に耳あり障子に目あり」 是什么意思呢?</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 答案:</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 1、ここ</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 翻译:这一点非常重要。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p> <p> <span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:14px;color:#000000;line-height:2;"> 2、隔墙有耳。</span> </p> <p> <br /> </p>

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